Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ibhethri (BMS) ludlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile nokusebenza kahle kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, okuhlanganisa i-LFP namabhethri e-ternary lithium (NCM/NCA). Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuqapha nokulawula amapharamitha ebhethri ahlukahlukene, afana ne-voltage, izinga lokushisa, namanje, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ibhethri lisebenza ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ephephile. I-BMS iphinde ivikele ibhethri ekushajweni ngokweqile, ekukhishweni ngokweqile, noma ekusebenzeni ngaphandle kwebanga elifanele lokushisa. Kumaphakethe ebhethri anochungechunge oluningi lwamaseli (izintambo zebhethri), i-BMS ilawula ukulinganisa kwamaseli ngamanye. Uma i-BMS ihluleka, ibhethri lishiywa lisengozini, futhi imiphumela ingaba mibi kakhulu.
1. Ukushaja ngokweqile noma ukushaja ngokweqile
Omunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ye-BMS ukuvimbela ibhethri ukuthi lishajwe ngokweqile noma lingashajwa kakhulu. Ukushajwa ngokweqile kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kumabhethri anamandla amakhulu njenge-ternary lithium (NCM/NCA) ngenxa yokuba sengozini yawo ekubalekeni okushisayo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amandla kagesi ebhethri edlula imikhawulo ephephile, okukhiqiza ukushisa okudlulele, okungaholela ekuqhumeni noma kumlilo. Ukukhipha ngokweqile, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungabangela ukulimala okungapheli kumaseli, ikakhulukazi kumabhethri e-LFP, angalahlekelwa amandla futhi abonise ukusebenza okungalungile ngemva kokukhishwa okujulile. Kuzo zombili izinhlobo, ukwehluleka kwe-BMS ukulawula i-voltage ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha kungase kubangele umonakalo ongenakulungiseka ephaketheni lebhethri.
2. Ukushisa ngokweqile kanye ne-Thermal Runaway
Amabhethri e-lithium e-Ternary (NCM/NCA) azwela kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ngaphezu kwamabhethri e-LFP, aziwa ngokuzinza okungcono kwe-thermal. Nokho, zombili izinhlobo zidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kwezinga lokushisa. I-BMS esebenzayo iqapha izinga lokushisa lebhethri, iqinisekise ukuthi lihlala phakathi kwebanga eliphephile. Uma i-BMS ihluleka, ukushisa ngokweqile kungase kwenzeke, kubangele ukusabela okuyingozi okubizwa ngokuthi i-thermal runaway. Ephaketheni lebhethri elakhiwe uchungechunge oluningi lwamaseli (izintambo zebhethri), ukubaleka okushisayo kungasakazeka ngokushesha kusuka kuseli kuya kwelinye, okuholela ekwehlulekeni okuyinhlekelele. Ezisetshenziswa ezinamandla njengezimoto zikagesi, le ngozi iyakhuliswa ngoba ukuminyana kwamandla nokubalwa kwamaseli kuphezulu kakhulu, okwandisa amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
3. Ukungalingani Phakathi Kwamaseli Ebhethri
Kumaphakethe ebhethri anamaseli amaningi, ikakhulukazi lawo anamandla kagesi aphezulu njengezimoto zikagesi, ukulinganisa amandla kagesi phakathi kwamaseli kubalulekile. I-BMS inesibopho sokuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amaseli ephaketheni abhalansile. Uma i-BMS ihluleka, amanye amaseli angase ashajwe ngokweqile kuyilapho amanye ehlala eshajiwe. Kumasistimu anezintambo eziningi zebhethri, lokhu kungalingani akunciphisi ukusebenza kahle nje kuphela kodwa futhi kubangela ingozi yokuphepha. Amaseli akhokhiswe ngokweqile ikakhulukazi asengozini yokushisa ngokweqile, okungawenza ehluleke ngendlela eyinhlekelele.
4. Ukulahleka Kokuqapha Nokungena Kwedatha
Kumasistimu ebhethri ayinkimbinkimbi, njengalawo asetshenziswa endaweni yokugcina amandla noma ezimotweni zikagesi, i-BMS ihlale iqapha ukusebenza kwebhethri, idatha yokungena emijikelezweni yokushaja, amandla kagesi, izinga lokushisa, nempilo yeselula ngayinye. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuqondeni impilo yamaphakethe ebhethri. Uma i-BMS yehluleka, lokhu kuqapha okubalulekile kuyama, okwenza kube nzima ukulandelela ukuthi amaseli ephaketheni asebenza kahle kangakanani. Kumasistimu ebhethri lamandla kagesi aphezulu anochungechunge oluningi lwamaseli, ukungakwazi ukuqapha impilo yeseli kungaholela ekuhlulekeni okungalindelekile, njengokulahlekelwa amandla kungazelelwe noma izehlakalo ezishisayo.
5. Ukwehluleka Kwamandla noma Ukusebenza Okuncishisiwe
I-BMS ehlulekile ingaholela ekwehliseni ukusebenza kahle noma ngisho nokuphelelwa amandla ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwei-voltage, izinga lokushisa, nokulinganisa kwamaseli, isistimu ingase ivale ukuze kuvinjwe umonakalo owengeziwe. Ezicelweni laphoizintambo zebhethri ezine-voltage ephezuluabathintekayo, njengezimoto zikagesi noma indawo yokugcina amandla embonini, lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla kungazelelwe, kudale izingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Ngokwesibonelo, ai-lithium ye-ternaryIbhethri lingacisha kungazelelwe ngenkathi imoto kagesi ihamba, okudala izimo zokushayela eziyingozi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-11-2024
