Ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila nokusebenza kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, imikhuba efanele yokushaja ibalulekile. Izifundo zakamuva kanye nezincomo zemboni ziqokomisa amasu ahlukene okushaja ezinhlobo ezimbili zamabhethri ezisetshenziswa kabanzi: amabhethri e-Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese (NCM noma i-ternary lithium) kanye namabhethri e-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP). Nakhu okudingeka abasebenzisi bakwazi:
Izincomo Eziyinhloko
- Amabhethri e-NCM: Shaja ku-90% noma ngaphansiukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Gwema ukukhokhisa okugcwele (100%) ngaphandle uma kudingekile ohambweni olude.
- Amabhethri e-LFP: Ngesikhathi ushaja nsuku zonke ku90% noma ngaphansikuyinto ekahle,isonto lonke ligcwele
- inkokheloKudingeka (100%) ukuze kulinganiswe kabusha isilinganiso se-State of Charge (SOC).
Kungani Kufanele Ugweme Ukushaja Okugcwele Kwamabhethri e-NCM?
1. Ukucindezeleka Kwe-Voltage Ephakeme Kusheshisa Ukuwohloka
Amabhethri e-NCM asebenza kumkhawulo we-voltage ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-LFP. Ukushaja ngokugcwele lawa mabhethri kuwabeka emazingeni aphezulu e-voltage, okusheshisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisebenzayo ku-cathode. Le nqubo engenakuguqulwa iholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla futhi ifinyeza isikhathi sokuphila sebhethri iyonke.
2. Izingozi Zokungalingani Kwamaseli
Amaphakethe ebhethri aqukethe amaseli amaningi anokungalingani okungokwemvelo ngenxa yokwehluka kokukhiqiza kanye nokungafani kwe-electrochemical. Uma eshaja kufika ku-100%, amaseli athile angase ashaje ngokweqile, okubangela ukucindezeleka kanye nokuwohloka kwendawo. Ngenkathi i-Battery Management Systems (BMS) ilinganisela ama-voltage eseli ngenkuthalo, ngisho nezinhlelo ezithuthukile ezivela kumikhiqizo ehamba phambili njenge-Tesla ne-BYD azikwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele le ngozi.
3. Izinselele Zokulinganisa ze-SOC
Amabhethri e-NCM abonisa ijika le-voltage eliqinile, okuvumela ukulinganisa kwe-SOC okunembile ngendlela ye-voltage ye-open-circuit (OCV). Ngokuphambene nalokho, amabhethri e-LFP agcina ijika le-voltage elicishe libe yi-flat phakathi kuka-15% no-95% we-SOC, okwenza ukufundwa kwe-SOC okusekelwe ku-OCV kungathembeki. Ngaphandle kokushaja okugcwele njalo, amabhethri e-LFP ayahluleka ukulinganisa kabusha amanani awo e-SOC. Lokhu kungaphoqa i-BMS ukuthi isebenzise izindlela zokuvikela ezivamile, kuphazamise ukusebenza kanye nempilo yebhethri yesikhathi eside.
Kungani Amabhethri e-LFP Edinga Ukushaja Okugcwele Kwamasonto Onke
Ukushaja okungu-100% kwamasonto onke kwamabhethri e-LFP kusebenza "njengokusetha kabusha" kwe-BMS. Le nqubo ilinganisa ama-voltage eseli futhi ilungisa ukungalungi kwe-SOC okubangelwa iphrofayili yawo ye-voltage ezinzile. Idatha eqondile ye-SOC ibalulekile ukuze i-BMS yenze izinyathelo zokuvikela ngempumelelo, njengokuvimbela ukukhishwa ngokweqile noma ukwenza ngcono imijikelezo yokushaja. Ukweqa lokhu kulinganiswa kungaholela ekugugeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ekwehleni kokusebenza okungalindelekile.
Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Yabasebenzisi
- Abanikazi Bamabhethri e-NCM: Beka phambili izindleko ezingaphelele (≤90%) bese ubhukha izindleko eziphelele zezidingo zesikhathi esithile.
- Abanikazi Bamabhethri e-LFP: Gcina ukushaja kwansuku zonke kungaphansi kuka-90% kodwa qiniseka ukuthi umjikelezo wokushaja ogcwele wamasonto onke.
- Bonke Abasebenzisi: Gwema ukuphuma kwamanzi okujulile njalo kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu ukuze wandise isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri.
Ngokwamukela lawa maqhinga, abasebenzisi bangathuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwebhethri, banciphise ukuwohloka kwesikhathi eside, futhi baqinisekise ukusebenza okuthembekile kwezimoto zikagesi noma izinhlelo zokugcina amandla.
Hlala unolwazi ngezibuyekezo zakamuva mayelana nobuchwepheshe bebhethri kanye nemikhuba yokuzinza ngokubhalisela iphephandaba lethu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-13-2025
