Ukuvula Amandla Avuselelekayo Ngobuchwepheshe Bebhethri Asezingeni Elithuthukile
Njengemizamo yembulunga yonke yokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu iqinisa, ukuqubuka kubuchwepheshe bebhethri kuyavela njengabangani abayi-pivotal yokuhlanganiswa kwamandla okuvuselelwa kwamandla kanye ne-deCarbonak. Ukusuka kwizixazululo zesitoreji se-grid-stepale ezimotweni zikagesi (EVS), amabhethri wesizukulwane esilandelayo achaza kabusha ukusimama kwamandla ngenkathi ekhuluma nezinselelo ezibucayi ngezindleko, ukuphepha, kanye nomthelela wezemvelo.
I-Breakthroughs ku-Battery Chemistry
Intuthuko yakamuva kwenye i-Battery Cermibries ishintsha indawo:
- Amabhethri e-iron-sodiumIbhethri le-Iron-sodium le-Ironte Energy libonisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-90% Round-Round
- Amabhethri wombuso oqinile: Ngokufaka esikhundleni sama-electrolyte avutha ama-electrolytic anezindlela eziqinile, la mabhethri athuthukisa ukuphepha kanye nobuningi bamandla. Ngenkathi izithiyo zesikali zihlala, amandla abo e-EVS-eqinisa uhla futhi anciphise ubungozi bomlilo - uguquko.
- Amabhethri e-Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S): Ngokuqina kwamandla we-theoretical amandla kude kakhulu i-lithium-ion, amasistimu we-LI akhombisa isethembiso sokugcina izindiza negridi. Ukusungulwa okusha ku-Electrode Design kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-electrolyte kubhekana nezinselelo zomlando ezinjenge-polysulfide shuttling.
Ukubhekana nezinselelo zokuqina
Naphezu kwenqubekela phambili, izindleko zemvelo zeLithium Mining zigcizelela izidingo eziphuthumayo eziphuthumayo zezindlela eziluhlaza okotshani:
- Isizinda se-lithium yendabuko sisebenzisa izinsizakusebenza zamanzi ezinkulu (isib. IChile's Atacama Brine Operations) futhi ikhipha ~ amathani ayi-15 e-Co₂ ngethani ngalinye le-lithium.
- Abaphenyi baseStanford basanda kuphambuka indlela yokukhishwa kwe-electrochemical, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okushayayo ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa.
Ukunyuka kwezinye izindlela eziningi
I-sodium ne-potassium zithola ukugcwala njengezindawo ezizinzile:
- Amabhethri e-Sodium-ion manje ayindilinga le-lithium-ion in Energy density ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ngomagazini we-physics aqokomisa ukuthuthuka kwawo ngokushesha kwe-EVS kanye ne-grid
- Ama-Potassium-ion Systems anikeza izinzuzo ezizinzile, yize ukuthuthuka kwamandla kwamandla kuyaqhubeka.
Ukunwebeka Ukuphila Kwebhethri ngomnotho oyindilinga
Ngamabhethri e-EV agcinwe ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto okungu-70-80%, ukusebenzisa kabusha futhi ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kubalulekile:
- Izicelo zempilo yesibili: Ukuthatha amabhethri e-EV ahlala esikhundleni sokuhlala amandla noma ukuthengisa amandla, ukubhebhethekisa phakathi kokuphazamiseka okuvuselelekayo.
- Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha okusha: Izindlela ezithuthukile ezifana nokubuyiselwa kwe-hydromerallurlical manje zikhipha i-lithium, cobalt, kanye ne-nickel kahle. Kodwa-ke ~ 5% amabhethri we-lithium kuphela avuselelwa nanamuhla, kuze kube ngaphansi kwesilinganiso se-99% ye-99%.
- Abashayeli benqubomgomo abafana ne-EU eyandisiwe yomkhiqizi wabakhiqizi wabakhiqizi bezibopho (i-EPR) igunya abamba abakhiqizi baphendule ngokulawulwa kokuphila.
Inqubomgomo kanye nokubambisana kwenqubekela phambili
Imizamo yomhlaba wonke isheshisa ukuguqulwa:
- Umthetho we-EU OBUCHWEPHESHE WOKUGCINA I-RAW Proces Ass uqinisekisa ukuqina kwe-Supply Chain ngenkathi kukhuthaza ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha.
- Imithetho yengqalasizinda yase-US Fund IBERTER R & D, ikhuthaza ukubambisana kwangasese komphakathi.
- Ucwaningo lokuzigwebela, njengomsebenzi we-MIT ngokuguga kwebhethri kanye ne-Stanford's Extraction Tech, Bridges Academia kanye Nezimboni.
Ubheke e-ecosystem eqhubekayo yemvelo
Indlela yokuya ku-nero-zero ifuna ukwedlula ukuthuthuka okukhuphukayo. Ngokubeka phambili amakhemikhali asebenza kakhulu kwizisetshenziswa, kanye nokusebenzisana kwezimali, kanye nokusebenzisana kwamanye amazwe, amabhethri alandelayo anamandla angapholisa ukuphepha kwamandla okuhlanza okuhlanza okuhlanza okuhlanza okuhlanza okuhlanza okuhlanzekile okunempilo yeplanethi. Njengoba uClare grey agcizelelwa enkomeni yakhe ye-mit, "ikusasa lamavikezi ugesi ngamabhethri anganamandla amakhulu, kepha ameme ngaso sonke isikhathi."
Le ndatshana igcizelela ukubaluleka okubili: Ukulinganisa izixazululo ezintsha zokugcina ngenkathi kushumeka ukuzinza kwihora ngalinye le-watt.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-19-2025
