Ezweni elikhula ngokushesha lamabhethri, i-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) ithole ukuthandwa okukhulu ngenxa yephrofayili yayo yokuphepha enhle kakhulu kanye nokuphila kwayo isikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, ukuphatha le mithombo yamandla ngokuphepha kusalokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Enhliziyweni yalokhu kuphepha kukhona i-Battery Management System, noma i-BMS. Le nqubo yokuvikela eyinkimbinkimbi idlala indima ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi ekuvimbeleni izimo ezimbili ezingaba yingozi neziyingozi: ukuvikelwa kokushaja ngokweqile kanye nokuvikelwa kokushaja ngokweqile. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela zokuphepha kwebhethri kubalulekile kunoma ngubani othembele kubuchwepheshe be-LFP ukuze agcine amandla, kungaba kusethelwe ekhaya noma ezinhlelweni zebhethri ezinkulu zezimboni.
Kungani Ukuvikelwa Kokushaja Okungaphezulu Kubalulekile Kumabhethri E-LFP
Ukushaja ngokweqile kwenzeka lapho ibhethri liqhubeka nokuthola amandla kagesi ngale kwesimo salo sokushaja ngokugcwele. Kumabhethri e-LFP, lokhu kungaphezu nje kwenkinga yokusebenza kahle—kuyingozi yokuphepha. I-voltage eningi ngesikhathi sokushaja ngokweqile ingaholela ku:
- Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo: Lokhu kusheshisa ukuwohloka futhi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela ukusabalala kokushisa.
- Ukwanda kwengcindezi yangaphakathi: Kubangela ukuvuza kwe-electrolyte noma ngisho nokukhipha umoya.
- Ukulahlekelwa amandla okungenakuguqulwa: Kulimaza isakhiwo sangaphakathi sebhethri futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri.
I-BMS ilwa nalokhu ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-voltage. Ilandelela ngokunembile i-voltage yeseli ngalinye ngaphakathi kwephakethe isebenzisa izinzwa ezingaphakathi. Uma noma yiliphi i-voltage yeseli likhuphuka ngale komkhawulo ophephile onqunyiwe, i-BMS isebenza ngokushesha ngokuyala i-charging circuit cutoff. Lokhu kunqanyulwa okusheshayo kwamandla okushaja kuyisivikelo esiyinhloko ekushajeni ngokweqile, okuvimbela ukwehluleka okubi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izixazululo ze-BMS ezithuthukisiwe zifaka ama-algorithms ukuphatha izigaba zokushaja ngokuphephile.
Indima Ebalulekile Yokuvimbela Ukuphuma Kwegazi Kakhulu
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhipha ibhethri ngokujule kakhulu—ngaphansi kwephuzu lokuyeka i-voltage elinconywayo—nakho kudala izingozi ezinkulu. Ukukhishwa okujulile kumabhethri e-LFP kungabangela:
- Ukufiphala komthamo omkhulu: Amandla okugcina ukushaja okugcwele ancipha kakhulu.
- Ukungazinzi kwamakhemikhali kwangaphakathi: Ukwenza ibhethri lingaphephile ukushaja kabusha noma ukusetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo.
- Ukuguqulwa kwamaseli okungenzeka: Kumaphakethe amaseli amaningi, amaseli abuthakathaka angaqhutshwa abe yi-reverse polarity, okubangela umonakalo ohlala njalo.
Lapha, i-BMS isebenza njengomqaphi oqaphile futhi, ikakhulukazi ngokuqapha okunembile kwesimo sokushaja (i-SOC) noma ukutholwa kwe-voltage ephansi. Ilandelela eduze amandla atholakalayo ebhethri. Njengoba izinga le-voltage lanoma yiliphi iseli lisondela emkhawulweni we-voltage ephansi, i-BMS ibangela ukunqanyulwa kwesekethe yokukhipha amandla. Lokhu kumisa ngokushesha ukudonsa amandla ebhethri. Ezinye izakhiwo ze-BMS eziyinkimbinkimbi nazo zisebenzisa amasu okunciphisa umthwalo, ngokuhlakanipha kunciphisa ama-drain kagesi angabalulekile noma ukungena kwimodi yamandla aphansi ebhethri ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza okuncane okubalulekile nokuvikela amaseli. Le ndlela yokuvimbela ukukhishwa okujulile iyisisekelo sokwandisa impilo yomjikelezo webhethri nokugcina ukuthembeka kwesistimu iyonke.
Ukuvikelwa Okuhlanganisiwe: Umongo Wokuphepha Kwebhethri
Ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo kokushaja ngokweqile kanye nokukhipha ngokweqile akuyona into eyodwa kodwa isu elihlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kwe-BMS eqinile. Izinhlelo zokuphatha ibhethri zanamuhla zihlanganisa ukucubungula okusheshayo nama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi okulandelela i-voltage yesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulandelela kwamanje, ukuqapha izinga lokushisa, kanye nokulawula okunamandla. Le ndlela yokuphepha kwebhethri ephelele iqinisekisa ukutholwa okusheshayo kanye nesenzo esisheshayo ngokumelene nezimo ezingaba yingozi. Ukuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwebhethri lakho kuncike kulezi zinhlelo zokuphatha ezihlakaniphile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-05-2025
